ⓘ Tax Year 2025

Repayment Calculator

Estimate the Advanced Premium Tax Credit (APTC) you may need to repay at tax time if your actual income exceeded the estimate you filed at enrollment. Uses the official 2025 IRS repayment caps.

1 Tax Filing Details

2 Income & Subsidy Amounts

Find your total APTC on Form 1095-A, Column C. Add up all 12 months.

Repayment Breakdown

How your actual credit entitlement compares to what you received in advance.
APTC Received
Actual Credit Entitled
Excess Amount
Actual FPL %
IRS Repayment Cap

2025 IRS Repayment Cap Table

Your row is highlighted based on your actual income.
Income (% FPL) Single Filers All Other Filers

How ACA Subsidy Repayment Works

When you enroll in a Health Insurance Marketplace plan, you estimate your income for the coming year. Based on that estimate, you can receive advance premium tax credits (APTC) that lower your monthly premiums. But your actual income may differ from your estimate.

When You File Your Taxes

At tax time, you reconcile on IRS Form 8962. You compare the advance credits you received against the actual premium tax credit you qualify for based on your real income. Three outcomes are possible:

IRS Repayment Caps

The IRS limits how much you have to repay if your household income is under 400% of the Federal Poverty Level. These caps protect lower-income households from large surprise tax bills. The caps depend on your filing status and income bracket.

If your income exceeds 400% FPL, there is no cap — you must repay the full excess amount. This is especially important for households near the subsidy cliff.

What You Need

Frequently Asked Questions

What is ACA subsidy repayment?
When you receive advance premium tax credits to help pay for marketplace health insurance, those credits are based on your estimated income. If your actual income turns out higher, you received more credits than you should have. The excess must be repaid when you file your federal tax return. The IRS uses Form 8962 to reconcile the difference.
What are the repayment caps?
For households under 400% FPL, the IRS caps how much excess APTC you must repay. For tax year 2025: under 200% FPL, caps are $400 (single) / $800 (other). At 200-300% FPL: $1,050 / $2,100. At 300-400% FPL: $1,800 / $3,600. Above 400% FPL, you repay the full excess with no cap.
Where do I find my total APTC?
Your marketplace sends Form 1095-A by January 31 each year. Column C shows the monthly advance payment of the premium tax credit. Add up all 12 months to get your total APTC for the year. You can also find this in your healthcare.gov account.
What if I don't file Form 8962?
If you received APTC and don't file Form 8962 with your tax return, the IRS may delay processing your return or withhold your refund. You're required to reconcile your advance credits regardless of whether you owe money back or are owed additional credit.
Can I avoid repayment?
The best way to minimize repayment is to report income changes to the marketplace promptly during the year. If you get a raise, start a new job, or have other income changes, update your application so your APTC adjusts in real time. You can also choose to take less than the full advance credit and claim the rest at tax time.
What income counts for the premium tax credit?
The premium tax credit uses Modified Adjusted Gross Income (MAGI), which includes wages, self-employment income, Social Security benefits, investment income, and other sources. It's your adjusted gross income (AGI) plus any tax-exempt foreign income and tax-exempt interest.

Need to estimate next year's subsidy?

Use the full ACA subsidy calculator to see what premium tax credit you'd qualify for in 2026.

Open Subsidy Calculator →